A Gaussian integer is a complex number with integer components. If a, b, q, r are Gaussian integers, a = bq + r, and |r| < |b|, then r is a remainder of division of a by b.

Let p be a Gaussian integer and X = (x_ij) be a matrix of size n × n where all x_ij are Gaussian integers too. Your goal is to calculate the remainder of division of determinant of X by p. Remember, that the determinant of X is equal to

where the summation is taken over the set of all permutations of n elements. Here addition and multiplication are the usual addition and multiplication of complex numbers.

The first line contains an integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 50). Each of the next n lines contains n space-separated complex numbers which are the elements of X. The last line contains a non-zero complex number p. Complex number is denoted by its real and imaginary parts, separated with space. All components of all complex numbers don't exceed 10 000 in their absolute value.

Output real and imaginary parts of the remainder of division of determinant of X by p. If there are several possible answers, output any of them. It is guaranteed that the answer exists.